Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air through photosynthesis to provide not only food for us, but also oxygen for us and other animals to survive. Plants help hold soil together by preventing erosion, which is very important for the environment.
Plants are an essential part of the water cycle. They absorb water from the soil through their roots and release it to the atmosphere through their leaves to form atmospheric water vapor and help cause precipitation. It is estimated that 10 percent of the water vapor in the sky comes from evapotranspiration or evapotranspiration.
Not only that, plants help stabilize water bodies like rivers, lakes and streams. Plant roots prevent landslides by stabilizing the soil and keep this ecosystem intact. One of the major environmental problems in the world today is the burning of fossil fuels. This results in high levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen. Trees play a role in controlling global warming by acting as carbon sinks or carbon stores by absorbing carbon dioxide from the air.
The green leafy cover of trees helps keep our environment cool by blocking the sun’s rays. The importance of trees has been felt by the masses during the long period of intense heat during the Memorial period recently. People trying to escape from the intense heat at midday sat under the shade of the trees as if they survived.
Strong Cyclone Remal has hit after intense heat wave. Even there, the green vegetation of the Sundarbans, one of the resources of this country, tried to protect us. We were saved even though there was extensive damage to forest animals, plants and infrastructure due to Ramal’s rampage and floods. Sundarbans is an important mangrove forest area full of biodiversity.
Biodiversity is closely related to the environment. Human civilization is threatened when biodiversity is a problem. One of the components of biodiversity is an intimate interaction between plants, animals and microorganisms. Biodiversity loss threatens our health and livelihoods, increasing the risk of disease spreading from animals to humans.
Urbanization has negatively affected the nucleus of the environment i.e. ecosystem. “Wild animals are beautiful in the forest, children are in their mother’s blood”. Considering this fact a safe natural shelter should be provided for the wild animals. Damaged forest vegetation needs to be restored. It is the need of the hour to create a safe habitat for wildlife by planting different species of trees around the city.
Natural disasters are increasing with climate change. Lightning is increasing by the scale. Many people are dying every year. One of the reasons for this is that Rabindranath Tagore’s palm trees, which are natural thunderbolts, have disappeared from rural towns. Rabindranath wrote in his poem ‘Tal Gach’, ‘The palm tree stands on one leg, peering into the sky beyond all the trees…’.
To save us, the palm tree looked up into the sky, caught the thunderbolt with its crown, and sacrificed its life to save us. Plants not only provide food, clothing and shelter to sustain our lives. It also protects us from natural calamities.
The environment really comes down to planting trees. Many have planted trees during this severe heat wave. Everyone has felt the urge to plant trees. This is a good sign. Plantation activities must be sustainable and risk-free.
Ashad-Shravan month is rainy season. With that in mind tree planting will start in pre-monsoon. Plants can be planted throughout the monsoon and pre-autumn season. The plants will grow well in the water of seasonal rainfall.
Plants are one of the constituents of the landscape. Green plants help us in many ways including comfortable environment, house screen and soil protection. Characteristics such as size, shape, leaf density, structure, root girth and stem growth are particularly important in planting trees. For example, cedar (Polyalthia longifolia) grows less spreading and straighter. On the other hand, the canopies of leaves of plants such as ficus benghalensis, ashwathta (Ficus religiosa) and rain tree (Samanea saman) are spread like umbrellas.
Ashoka (Saraca asoca), Mimusops elengi (Mimusops elengi) are medium sized trees with thick leaves and spreading like an umbrella. In these considerations, the location of planting trees, physical environment and public safety must be kept in mind. Before planting a tree, it must be known that the tree will not pose a risk to public safety or physical structure as it grows. In urban plantings, trees should be planted at least 10-15 feet away from physical structures to allow sufficient space for roots and aerial branches to spread.
The roots and trunks of trees grow more or less evenly. Because of this, the planted saplings can sometimes grow and cause damage to the physical structure. With that in mind, it is best to choose shrubs or small trees around the building. You can plant your choice of trees like mango, jam, jackfruit, litchi, guava, grapefruit, jamrul, sapeda, pomegranate, dewa, lemon, olive, amlaki as fruit trees in the yard of the house or in the open space of the educational institution.
Before it disappears from this country, you can think about planting the nutritionally rich bell (Aegle marmelos). The soil of Dhaka region especially in Savar, Gazipur and Narsingdi region is good for jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), litchi, latkon (Baccaurea motleyana), banana, lemon.
Lately Amrapali mango is also being cultivated. Flowering or ornamental plants can be considered Shiuli, Kurchi, Bakul, Chatim, Sonalu, Udal, Swarnachampa, Kanakchampa, Udaypadma or Himchampa, Kathgolap, Kamini, Kanchan, Nageshwar, Nagalingam, Ashoka, Palash, Mahua, Surveerangan.
Roses, hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), rangan, jaba, tarajhra, neelamanilata, madhabilata, bluebell, togar, myrrh and belli flowers can be planted as creepers or small plants.
The neem tree will be considered first as a medicinal plant. There is a saying that if there is a neem tree on the south side of the house, there is no disease in the house. Apart from neem, herbs such as Basak, Nishinda, Arjuna, Sajna, Amalaki, Haritaki, Bahera etc. can be planted. You can beautify your home by planting Tulsi, Basak, Patharkuchi, Aloe Vera, Jaba, Myrrh, Dolanchampa, Tarajhara in the courtyard of your homestead and you can get first aid for fever, cold and stomach ache from herbal plants. You can make the house cool and beautiful by planting Madhumanjari, Neel Aparajita, Neelbella, Alkananda, Rose cactus along the walls of the house by creating a bio screen.
It is better to plant shrubs in city road islands or road medians. With that in mind, plants such as Raktakarbi, Kanchan, Kamini, Crinum Lily, Patabahar, Laili Majnu, Bagan Vilas, Alkananda, Bichitra (Today-Tomorrow-Tomorrow), Sugandhi Jayati, Chhota Jarul and Chhota Radhachura can be selected.
Cassia fistula, Neem (Azadirachta indica), Ashoka (Saraca asoca), Bakul (Mimusops elengi), Jarul (Lagerstroemia indica), Ashwattha (Ficus religiosa), Chatim (Alstonia) are planted as avenue trees along the road to provide a risk-free environment and peace of mind. scholaris), Nageshwar (Mesua ferrea), Palash (Butea monosperma), Shimul (Bombax ceiba) and Udal (Sterculia villosa) etc. are suggested to be planted. Native animals have a close relationship with these plants.
The mentioned trees can play a positive role in preserving the environment as well as biodiversity. In rural townships or bazaars, trees such as banyan, aswattha, big jarul, kankachura (Peltophorum pterocarpum), rain tree (Samanea sama), menda (Litsea glutinosa), bahera (Terminalia bellirica) can be planted.
Barringtonia acutangula, Pongammia pinnata, Crateva religiosa and native gab (Diospyros discolor) can be planted near the reservoir. Hijal, Chatim, Mahua, Kath Rose, Swarnchapa, Udal, Kurchi, Raktan, Sonalu, Palash, Shwet Shimul, Bakul, Shiuli, Chalta, Yellow Korbi, Tekoma and Sheora are good trees along the walking path.
These plants will add beauty as well as help keep the environment cool. Planting of palm, banyan, fig, tamal, tamarind, gab, mahua, deua, kamaranga, beechy and various types of palm is important in parks or gardens for habitat and food for birds and other animals.
After all there is no substitute for planting the right tree in the right place. Proper tree selection and planting, taking into consideration plant growing needs, space availability, and functional and aesthetic needs of the user, will result in a healthy, long-lived, environmentally friendly low-maintenance and less expensive landscape that is effective and enjoyable for the user.
